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Laboratory setup
Equipment
Key equipment commonly used for biological activity screening and quantitative assays.

UV–Vis spectrophotometer
Measures absorbance in colorimetric assays. Wavelength depends on the assay chemistry.

Micropipettes
Use calibrated pipettes suitable for the intended volume range.

Incubator
Provides controlled temperature for microbiology or cell-based experiments when required.

Centrifuge
Supports sample clarification and separation in many biochemical workflows.

Microplate reader
Reads absorbance, fluorescence or luminescence from plate-based assays depending on the instrument.

Culture workspace
Appropriate sterile technique and biosafety procedures are essential for microbial work.